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ZIH
hpcsupport
hpc-compendium
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b8449536
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b8449536
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3 years ago
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Martin Schroschk
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# Longterm Preservation for Research Data
## Why should research data be preserved?
There are several reasons. On the one hand, research data should be preserved to make the results
reproducible. On the other hand research data could be used a second time for investigating another
question. In the latter case persistent identifiers (like DOI) are needed to make these data
findable and citable. In both cases it is important to add meta-data to the data.
##
#
Wh
y should
research data be preserved?
## Wh
ich
research data
should
be preserved?
There are several reasons. On the one hand, research data should be
preserved to make the results reproducible. On the other hand research
data could be used a second time for investigating another question. In
the latter case persistent identifiers (like DOI) are needed to make
these data findable and citable. In both cases it is important to add
meta-data to the data.
Since large quantities of data are nowadays produced it is not possible to store everything. The
researcher needs to decide which data are worth and important to keep.
### Which research data should be preserved?
In case these data come from simulations, there are two possibilities: 1 Storing the result of the
simulations 1 Storing the software and the input-values
Since large quantities of data are nowadays produced it is not possible
to store everything. The researcher needs to decide which data are worth
and important to keep.
In case these data come from simulations, there are two possibilities: 1
Storing the result of the simulations 1 Storing the software and the
input-values
Which of these possibilities is preferable depends on the time the
simulations need and on the size of the result of the calculations. Here
one needs to estimate, which possibility is cheaper.
Which of these possibilities is preferable depends on the time the simulations need and on the size
of the result of the calculations. Here one needs to estimate, which possibility is cheaper.
**This is, what DFG says**
(translated from
<http://www.dfg.de/download/pdf/foerderung/programme/lis/ua_inf_empfehlungen_200901.pdf>
,
page 2):
*Primary research data are data, which were created in the course*
*
of
studies of sources, experiments, measurements or surveys. They are the
*
*basis of scholarly publications*
.
*
The definition of primary research
data depends on the subject
*. *
Each community of researchers should
decide by itself, if raw data are
* *
already primary research data or at
which degree of aggregation data
* *
should be preserved. Further it
should be agreed upon the granularity
* *
of research data: how many data
yield one set of data, which will be
* *
given a persistent identifier
*
.
### Why should I add Meta-Data to my data?
Many researchers think, that adding meta-data is time-consuming and
senseless but that isn't true. On the contrary, adding meta-data is very
important, since they should enable other researchers to know, how and
in which circumstances these data are created, in which format they are
saved, and which software in which version is needed to view the data,
and so on, so that other researchers can reproduce these data or use
them for new investigations. Last but not least meta-data should enable
you in ten years time to know what your data describe, which you created
such a long time ago.
### What are Meta-Data?
Meta-data means data about data. Meta-data are information about the
stored file. There can be administrative meta-data, descriptive
meta-data, technical meta-data and so on. Often meta-data are stored in
XML-format but free text is also possible. There are some meta-data
standards like
[
Dublin Core
](
http://dublincore.org/
)
or
[
LMER
](
http://www.dnb.de/EN/Standardisierung/LMER/lmer_node.html
)
. Below
are some examples:
-
possible meta-data for a book would be:
-
Title
-
Author
-
Publisher
-
Publication year
-
ISBN
<!-- -->
-
possible meta-data for an electronically saved image would be:
-
resolution of the image
-
information about the colour depth of the picture
-
file format (jpg or tiff or ...)
-
file size
-
how was this image created (digital camera, scanner, ...)
-
description of what the image shows
-
creation date of the picture
-
name of the person who made the picture
<!-- -->
-
meta-data for the result of a calculation/simulation could be:
-
file format
-
file size
-
input data
-
which software in which version was used to calculate the
result/to do the simulation
-
configuration of the software
-
date of the calculation/simulation (start/end or start/duration)
-
computer on which the calculation/simulation was done
-
name of the person who submitted the calculation/simulation
-
description of what was calculated/simulated
### Where can I get more information about management of research data?
<http://www.dfg.de/download/pdf/foerderung/programme/lis/ua_inf_empfehlungen_200901.pdf>
, page 2):
*Primary research data are data, which were created in the course*
*
of studies of sources,
experiments, measurements or surveys. They are the
* *
basis of scholarly publications
*. *
The
definition of primary research data depends on the subject
*. *
Each community of researchers should
decide by itself, if raw data are
* *
already primary research data or at which degree of aggregation
data
* *
should be preserved. Further it should be agreed upon the granularity
* *
of research data: how
many data yield one set of data, which will be
* *
given a persistent identifier
*
.
## Why should I add Meta-Data to my data?
Many researchers think, that adding meta-data is time-consuming and senseless but that isn't true.
On the contrary, adding meta-data is very important, since they should enable other researchers to
know, how and in which circumstances these data are created, in which format they are saved, and
which software in which version is needed to view the data, and so on, so that other researchers can
reproduce these data or use them for new investigations. Last but not least meta-data should enable
you in ten years time to know what your data describe, which you created such a long time ago.
## What are Meta-Data?
Meta-data means data about data. Meta-data are information about the stored file. There can be
administrative meta-data, descriptive meta-data, technical meta-data and so on. Often meta-data are
stored in XML-format but free text is also possible. There are some meta-data standards like
[
Dublin Core
](
http://dublincore.org/
)
or
[
LMER
](
https://www.dnb.de/DE/Professionell/Standardisierung/Standards/_content/lmer_uof_akk.html
)
Below are some examples:
-
possible meta-data for a book would be:
-
Title
-
Author
-
Publisher
-
Publication
-
year
-
ISBN
-
possible meta-data for an electronically saved image would be:
-
resolution of the image
-
information about the colour depth of the picture
-
file format (jpg or tiff or ...)
-
file size how was this image created (digital camera, scanner, ...)
-
description of what the image shows
-
creation date of the picture
-
name of the person who made the picture
-
meta-data for the result of a calculation/simulation could be:
-
file format
-
file size
-
input data
-
which software in which version was used to calculate the result/to do the simulation
-
configuration of the software
-
date of the calculation/simulation (start/end or start/duration)
-
computer on which the calculation/simulation was done
-
name of the person who submitted the calculation/simulation
-
description of what was calculated/simulated
## Where can I get more information about management of research data?
Got to
-
<http://www.forschungsdaten.org/>
(german version) or
-
<http://www.forschungsdaten.org/en/>
(english version)
-
<http://www.forschungsdaten.org/>
(german version) or
<http://www.forschungsdaten.org/en/>
-
(english version)
to find more information about managing research data.
### I want to store my research data at ZIH. How can I do that?
Longterm preservation of research data is under construction at ZIH and
in a testing phase. Nevertheless you can already use the archiving
service.
\<
br /> If you would like to become a test user, please write
an E-Mail to Dr. Klaus Khler (klaus.koehler
\[
at
\]
tu-dresden.de).
## I want to store my research data at ZIH. How can I do that?
-- Main.DanielaKoudela - 2012-03-26
Longterm preservation of research data is under construction at ZIH and in a testing phase.
Nevertheless you can already use the archiving service. If you would like to become a test
user, please write an E-Mail to Dr. Klaus Köhler (klaus.koehler
\[
at
\]
tu-dresden.de).
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